A third of feedback makes performance worse: give it better
Across 607 effect sizes, more than a third of feedback interventions lowered the performance they targeted. Nine studies, and the routine I use at the table.
Read the article →Research-backed, actionable articles on AI at work, endurance training and how people learn. Every claim has a source.
Across 607 effect sizes, more than a third of feedback interventions lowered the performance they targeted. Nine studies, and the routine I use at the table.
Read the article →Cues marking the relevant part of a slide lifted retention by 0.53 SD across 103 studies. Ten papers on slide design, and the deck rules I follow now.
Read the article →A 2025 meta-analysis of 60 experiments puts beginners at d = 0.505 with full guidance and experienced learners at -0.428 without it. A rule for which to use.
Read the article →Harvard physics students learned more in the classes they rated lower. Six studies on why satisfaction scores miss learning, and a feedback form that does not.
Read the article →Guessing before you study beat extra reading in all 5 founding experiments and 97 later ones. Eight papers on pretesting, where it stops working, and a protocol.
Read the article →Students who mixed problem types scored 61% against 38% for blocked practice. Eight studies on interleaving, where it fails, and how to rebuild a practice set.
Read the article →A century of memory research: people forget most of a training within days. Retrieval practice and spacing are the two proven fixes, with numbers and a protocol.
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